Eye health

Dark vision +11.8%

Vitamin A status↑

AMD risk ↓

Dry eye/vision ↑

Visual acuity + retinal function

ROP risk -16%

AMD risk ↓

Visual acuity ↑

Macular pigment + vision

AMD risk ↓ ~9%

AMD risk ↓

Vitamin A status ↑

Keratoconus flattening +1.5 D

Cataract reduction −43%

Kmax flattening + vision

cataract risk −44%

Staining/symptoms -3 pts

Tear stability/production +2s

Corneal healing +

AMD progression: -10%

Retinal pigment/function: +MPOD

AMD slower +25%

Cataracts/retina improved

AMD progression -25%

Vision loss / function

Macular electrophysiology +38%

Eye health: better vision

ROP ↓ 16-17%

Nuclear cataract −34–44%

PSC cataract +100%

Cataract risk −13%

Improved acuity, +92%

Slower field loss, -0.95 dB/year

AMD risk ↓34%

Cataract odds ↓

Dry eye symptoms/tear stability +11.35

Glaucoma/night vision/IOP

Retinal protection/visual recovery

Vision/color gains

Retina/nerve stability

Visual function + stabilisation

Lutein/zeaxanthin +

Better visual acuity

Rod function preserved

Vision/blood flow +23%

Glaucoma/DR risk -15.5%

Oxidative stress ↓

Corneal protection ↑

Near vision +37%

Contrast sensitivity / ERG

Corneal pain, nerves

Vision/function +0.69 letters

Retinal function/IOP -3.25 mmHg

Vision + glare better

IOP - improved retina

Macular pigment +

Retina function +38%, +30%

Eye fatigue, near vision

Retinal swelling/leakage -15μm

+10 cm/s flow

Allergy eye symptoms -35%

Slowed field loss

Dry eye improved

IOP ↓, field loss ↓

Blood flow ↑, ET-1 normalized

Symptoms, tear stability

Staining, +36% ratio

Retinal function + blood flow

Visual acuity + fatigue

Dry-eye symptoms improved

Tear osmolarity reduced

Visual acuity +0.1 logMAR

Colour contrast +13.6%

RNFL preserved

Lutein/MPD +25%

β-carotene→A+12.6x

Tear stability/immunity +23%

Corneal rescue +21.7%

GA risk ↓

Dry-eye signs/symptoms ↑

Corneal nerves + symptoms

Nerve length/width ↑

Neuromas ↓, OSDI ↓

Retinol↓, backfat↑

β-carotene↑, backfat↓

Macular function +38%

+30%; dry eye

Vision, edema improved

FFA, Fundoscopy +46-49pp

Fundoscopy +31-48pp

Carotenoids ↑; inflammation ↓

Retinal sensitivity +2.0

Hard exudates improved +35.9%

Macular thickness/volume decreased

Dryness/comfort improved

Tear meniscus height increased

Eye symptoms ↓; -62.5%

Itching/congestion ↓; quercetin ↑

Tear stability −19.8

Symptoms/IL-17A −18.6

Tear osmolarity −18.6

Choroidal thickness +16.8μm

Possible choroidal vasodilation