Alpha-Lipoic Acid

Oxidative stress ↓

Antioxidant capacity ↑

Nerve symptoms -3.9

Conduction +3.8 m/s

Pain -33%

Oxidative stress ↓

Cell function ↑

DNA damage ↓

Glucose/IR ↓

Lipids/Weight ↓

Liver enzymes ↓

Endothelial function +FMD

Lower BP/ADMA

Immune markers −65%

Inflammation/cytokines reduced

Vitality: pain/function/QoL

Vitality: antioxidants/metabolic

Vitality: sperm/vision gains

Metabolic/oxidative protection

Mitochondrial +30 copies

Weight loss; BMI↓

Weight loss; −2.1%

Weight maintenance; waist↓

Oxidative stress ↓

Liver/kidney markers ↓

Iron overload ↓

Near vision +37%

Contrast sensitivity / ERG

Corneal pain, nerves

Pain ↓, disability ↓

QoL ↑, success ↑

Vision/function +0.5D

Cognition/mobility better

Skin/retina/weight improved

Repigmentation/healing +90%

Photoageing/roughness -50.8%

Oxidative damage ↓

Recovery markers ↑

Better cognition/mood

Less cognitive decline

Glucose↓ ~13% mood↑

Depression/anxiety/stress↓