Pine Bark Extract

Endothelial function +41%

Venous swelling/thrombosis ↓

Vasodilation +41% FBF

Blood pressure -7.5 mmHg

Edema/leakage reduced

Skin aging: +9%, -6%

Menopause symptoms: -56%

Blood sugar/BP: ↓

↓ edema/swelling

↓ edema, pO2

Oxidative stress ↓

Antioxidant status ↑

Lower inflammation markers

IL-6/CRP/LEU ↓

Reduced tissue inflammation

Endothelial health, +41%

Blood pressure, -7.5

Pain reduced

Joint function improved

Elasticity/texture +9%

Pigment/spot reduction

Wound healing up

Bleeding/symptoms down

Retinal swelling/leakage -15μm

+10 cm/s flow

Allergy eye symptoms -35%

Glucose control −24 mg/dL

HbA1c −0.8%

Postprandial glucose −14%

↓ bad breath, tongue plaque

↓ bleeding, plaque build-up

Eye/nasal symptoms −35%

IgE rise −12.5%

SBP ↓3–7 mmHg

BP meds ↓50%

Energy/fatigue +17%

Energy/fatigue -42.8%

Energy/fatigue improved

Endurance +17%

NAD+ boost

Pain/walking improvement

Attention↑, hyperactivity↓

Oxidative stress↓, GSH/GSSG↑