Chitosan

Repair/healing +fast

Bleeding control -90%

Pain/healing ↓

Plaque/bacteria ↓

less inflammation, pain

−50% swelling, better healing

lower cytokines, skin redness

Healing + infection↓

Pain/swelling↓, healing↑

Skin redness↓, hydration↑

Weight loss −3 to −6 kg

Waist/body fat ↓

BMI −1 to −2

Digestibility ↑, feed efficiency

Iron absorption ↓ 14%

GI symptoms/adhesions ↓

LDL/ApoB↓, HDL↑

BP control↑, bleeding↓

Fewer infections, +antibodies

Immune activation, +IgA/IgG

HDL +4.4; ApoB↓

LDL −17%; TC↓

Boosted uptake/absorption

Reduced iron uptake

Faster bowel return -0.9d

Lower blockage/adhesions -32%

Reduced infection -26%

More weight loss, less regain

Hormone shifts, −3.6kg, −5cm

Modest fat loss, −2.8lb

Weight/BMI ↓

Rebound regain ↓

Improved joint repair

Pain/function better

Lower post-meal glucose

~10 mg/dL AUC↓

Gut microbes -↓/↑

Gut barrier/morphology +

Infection burden -58%

Bone loss ↓1.1–1.35 mm

Bone density +273 HU

Nail health +62%

Better brittleness outcomes