White Mulberry

Post-meal glucose ↓

FPG/HbA1c ↓

Glucose/insulin spikes

−50% iAUC

Fasting glucose/HbA1c

Lower cortisol, better mood

Sleep/glucose, better morning mood

Glucose/insulin spikes ↓

2h iAUC −34%

Inflammation ↓ CRP -1.94

Inflammation ↓ markers

Inflammation ↓ healing score

CRP −1.03; inflammation down

Inflammation attenuated; markers improved

LDL -22%

TG -37 mg/dL

LDL/TC down -21.9%

HDL up, LDL down

Glucose/HbA1c down

Mucositis reduced; HR 0.63

Healing faster; -3 days

Pocket depth improved; -0.18 mm

Pocket depth -0.18 mm

Plaque, gingiva unchanged

Vascularity/pigment ↓

MASI −1.2

Wrinkles −17%

Pigmentation −12%

Wrinkles/smoothness +14%

Glucose control, fewer GI events

-11% post‑meal glucose

Starch absorption -19%

Sugar absorption, insulin

Blood pressure -10/6

Lipids/glucose/inflammation lower

Arteries/events improved

BP, TG, CRP -10/-14

LDL, glucose, HbA1c -22%

Cortisol ↓, attention/memory ↑

Working memory ↑, cortisol ↓

Antioxidant +glutathione

Antioxidant -MDA

↓MDA, ↓insulin

↑HDL-C

BP -10/6 mmHg

IMT/events lower

Glucose/stiffness lower

BP, TG, CRP −9.7

LDL, glucose, HbA1c −21.9%

Skin lesions improved

S. aureus inhibited

Blood pressure −9.67 mmHg

Inflammation marker −1.03 mg/L

Triglycerides −14.22 mg/dL

Wrinkles/smoothness: −16.6%

Plumping: +13.4%

Pigmentation: MASI -1.2

Wrinkles/smoothness: -16.6%

↑ bone formation markers

↓ bone resorption marker