Colostrum

Milk antibodies, cytokines

Immune transfer, ±10%

Mucosal IgA, +79%

Gut barrier↓

Diarrhea↓

Infection↓

Permeability↓ ~70%

Diarrhea↓ / growth↑

Sepsis↓ / feeds↑

Depression −9.6%

Immune/infection ↓

Growth/recovery ↑

↑ IgG, uptake

↓ permeability, better absorption

↑ protein/AA, uptake

Growth +weight gain

Stunting/weight indices

Mortality ↓30%

Lower CRP/endotoxin

Gut inflammation repair

↓CRP -5.9 mg/L

Omega-3: less allergy

Probiotics/cytokines: lower sensitization

Gut repair: +VH:CD

Inflammation/infection: −sepsis/NEC

lean mass/strength

faster recovery, less damage

Power/endurance +1-2%

Strength/body mass +24kg

Oral hygiene −0.6

Mucositis −20%

Fatigue -85%; weight +11%

CD4 +14%; weight +11%

↑ BMD, strength

↓ resorption, healing

Cognition +8/15

Function +0.02

Stability 7/15

Cognition +8/15 improved

Strength +24 kg

Skin/subcutaneous fat +5.5%

Limb size +2.3%