Urolithin A

Muscle/endurance +12%

+urolithin A link

Endurance up; markers down

VO2max +5.4%

Glucose ↓2 mg/dL

VAT −14.1%

CRP ↓, IL-2 ↓

Acylcarnitines/ceramides ↓, CRP ↓

Endurance +muscle

VO2max +5-10%

Walk +33-61 m

Endurance +VO2max, +5–10%

Strength/biomarkers +12%; CRP down

Endurance ↑; VO2max +5-10%

Strength/endurance ↑; CRP/acylcarnitines ↓

Vessel function +1.6%

Lower CVD risk 52%

VAT loss −14.1%

Endurance +60.8m

Strength +12%

Endurance +33.4m

+12% strength

Inflammation ↓

Endurance up +60.8 m

Strength up +12%

Recovery markers down

Urolithins +100% producers

Butyrate +66%

Endurance + force, less soreness

Mitochondrial markers, recovery, +5.4% VO2max

Hippocampal preservation +0.5%

Less ventricular expansion −2.0%

Hippocampal loss reduced −0.5%

Ventricle growth reduced −2.0%

UroA/butyrate↑ CRP↓

Naive CD8↑ metabolism shift

Gut-metabolic boost; CRP↓

Immune youth shift; IL-2↓