Propolis

16 benefits mapped to clinical evidence across supplements.

Benefit Evidence

Main Effects

Plaque/bleeding ↓, bacteria ↓

Mucositis/ulcers heal faster

Sensitivity pain ↓

Strong

2,133

Lower CRP/TNF-α

↓ inflammatory markers

IL-6/hs-CRP down

Strong

1,477

Respiratory/illness recovery

Metabolic/inflammatory benefits

Strong

1,848

Respiratory/infection ↓

Inflammation/immune ↑

Strong

1,796

Respiratory comfort

Cough/dyspnea ↓

Asthma attacks ↓

Respiratory infections ↓

Moderate

1,629

Metabolism: glucose/insulin ↓

Metabolism: lipids/fat ↓

Moderate

836

Ulcers heal faster

Inflammation down, repair up

Moderate

875

Pain relief -4.0

Healing faster 80%

Moderate

1,171

Cough/throat −14.5pp

Cough/throat faster remission

Moderate

1,113

Faster wound closure

Less inflammation

Moderate

570

Plaque/gingiva ↓

Pathogens ↓ (e.g., S. mutans 4.35→0.89)

Moderate

522

Antioxidant↑, stress↓

Oxidative markers↓, capacity↑

Moderate

453

Healing + inflammation ↓

Wounds + symptoms ↓

Moderate

280

Skin appearance

Faster healing, less inflammation

Wrinkles ↓25–34%

Moderate

199

HbA1c −1%; insulin/IR

Energy intake/QoL improved

Strength recovery faster

Weak

160

Digestive support

Grade, bleeding, pain

36.4% normal grade

Weak

86