Astragalus

T-cell boost

WBC increase

Cytokine balance

Proteinuria ↓

Renal injury ↓

Inflammation/oxidation ↓

Cytokines ↓ inflammation

CRP/ET/NO ↓

LVEF up, symptoms better

+4.24% LVEF; biomarkers down

Immune/infection + lower

Recovery time -26%

Inflammation/renal protection +

Renal protection, less injury

Anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic

Better survival/QOL

Less fatigue/infection

Fatigue ↓; endurance ↑

Fatigue ↓; recovery ↑

Better pump function

−LVEF, +flow

Less inflammation

SOD↑, MDA↓

Oxidative markers↓, LVEF↑

Less congestion, better breathing

FEV1/TLC +

Telomere preservation

+0.5 kb TL

Kidney/CV protection

Endurance↑ 6MWD/finish

Endurance↑ recovery

Blood sugar ↓

Blood sugar ↓ +1.25

Blood sugar ↔ HbA1c

Ulcers, +2.03%

Hand-foot syndrome, +26%

Fatigue ↓17.8; cognition ↑14.4

QOL ↑14.1; fatigue ↓16.5

BCAA uptake +14%

Gut barrier support