Vitamin K

Better heart calcification

Warfarin INR control

Bone activation +ucOC↓

BMD +1–5%

vitamin status +

bone density +

vascular stiffness -

CAC/AVC ↓ ~6%

Stiffness/PWV ↓, dp-ucMGP ↓

Cardiac output +12%

Calcification/stiffness ↓

Mortality HR↓

Bone health +9%

Vascular/mortality benefits

Inflammation −27.9%

Maternal K raises milk/baby levels

Reduces PIVH by ~20%

Vitamin K lowers glucose/insulin

Vitamin K lowers inflammation

Clotting ↑, hemorrhage ↓

PIVH -20.8%

Clotting ↑, hemorrhage ↓

Bone support +5.7% BMD

Cramps reduced -2.67/week

Immune markers −27.9%

Symptoms, inflammation ↓

Hand OA −44%

RA inflammation ↓

Leg cramps −2.67/week

Bruising severity -20%

Rash severity women

Bruising ↓; healing +

Early bruise relief; +

Wound contraction +10%