Joint mobility

ON/OFF time +1–2h

Motor score −2–6

Knee pain/function -30%

Jaw opening/pain +

Pain/function +40%

Mobility/flexion +3.23°

Pain/function ~50%

Cartilage loss −0.10 mm

Pain/function ↓; JSW preserved

Inflammation/biomarkers ↓; mobility ↑

Pain/function better

Cartilage markers↓

Joint pain/mobility

Pain/function improved

Mobility gains +48%

Pain/function +

Mobility +

Strength/mobility +17%

Walk +47.6m

Pain ↓, function ↑

Knee mobility ↑, pain ↓

Bone support +5.7% BMD

Cramps reduced -2.67/week

Activity + mobility

Pain/function

Pain & function: improved

Joint mobility: +mouth opening

Edema ↓44 mL

Volume/pressure improved

AUC −5273 ml·d

Pain ↓, mobility ↑

+35% pain-free

Mobility ↑, pain ↔

Pain ↓, mobility ↑

Less swelling, better mobility

-16.5 ml, -20.5 ml

Men: symptom/biomarker improvement

Less subsidence, same fusion

Pain/function ~equal

+9 to +12 pain

Fewer adverse events

Pain ↓, stiffness ↓

PPT ↑

Mouth opening +4.8-7.5 mm

Swelling -2 to -4.7 mm

Mobility ↑ faster/longer

UPDRS ↓ ~50%