Black Pepper

13 benefits mapped to clinical evidence across supplements.

Benefit Evidence

Main Effects

Bloating ↓, gas symptoms ↓

Diarrhea frequency ↓, cure ↑

Weak

280

Digestive support

Diarrhea cure, frequency

Bloating symptoms improved

Weak

280

Diarrhea cure ↑

Bloating symptoms ↓

Weak

280

Blood circulation

Vein visibility +50%

IV attempts -50%

Weak

180

Respiratory comfort

Faster swallow reflex

+ swallowing movements

↑ substance P

Weak

105

Appetite regulation

Appetite↓, fullness↑

Nausea↓, pulse↓

Weak

103

Nutrient uptake

Carotenoids uptake +4.8x

Drug bioavailability +170%

Glucose/oxidative stress improved

Weak

80

Weight management

Appetite -hunger; satiety +

Insulin resistance -1.1, glucose -7

Weak

80

Liver enzymes −44%

Oxidative stress, ferritin

Weak

68

Liver markers -44%

Carotenoid uptake 4.8x

Weak

68

Repigmentation + significant

Burning, redness + piperine

Weak

63

Lower PGE2

Similar to naproxen

Weak

60

Carotenoids uptake +4.8x

Oxidative stress ↓ MDA

Weak

40