Alfalfa

Digestion+milk +11%

Intake+growth ↑

Salmonella ↓

Intake+digestibility

+15% intake

Milk yield+digestibility

Intake↑, appetite

Hormones↓; intake↑

Rumen pH↑, intake↑

Milk yield +10.8%

Intake/growth/digestibility ↑

Milk fat/protein ↑

Intake/gain +

Rumen pH +

↓ Salmonella 2–4 log

↑ immune organs/lymphocytes

Fat ↓

Intake/gain ↑

Glucose, insulin shifts

Nitrogen partitioning changes

TTR +20%

Adherence, knowledge improved

Urinary N -41 g/d

Urine→feces shift

↓ cortisol/NEFA

↓ haptoglobin