Pea Protein

Glucose/insulin ↓, 57%

Satiety/GLP-1 ↑

HbA1c ↓ 0.12%

AAs↑; MPS same

Strength/mass same

Protein quality high

Muscle gains equal

MPS +~9–23%

Strength/lean mass +2–16%

Glucose ↓57%

Glucose ↓37%

Cholesterol −4.7 to −6.4%

Systolic BP −5 mmHg

Digestive comfort + symptoms

Stool/diarrhea +

Protein utilization, MPS

Strength, lean mass

Insulin↑; glucagon↑

Glucose↓; insulin↑

NOx↑; BP↓

Satiety/fullness ↑

Intake ↓ ~12%

Gastric emptying ↓

Lower post-meal sugar

Less hunger / intake

Bloating/pain relief, faster

SIBO reduction, −4.7 cm

Intake ↓ ~12%

Satiety/glucose ↑

Meal intake ↓ 126 kcal

Total cholesterol −5%

LDL-lowering, modest