Elderberry

Fewer infections, shorter duration

Lower inflammation, better immunity

↓ IL-6/CRP/lymphocytes

↓ gingival inflammation

Fewer/shorter colds, −2 days

Less flu/tonsillitis, −4 days

Fewer, shorter infections

~1-4 days less

Faster relief, -4 days

Fewer symptoms, -2 days

Pain relief: faster/less

~2 days shorter

Pain relief: reduced severity

Cough/throat: fewer episodes

Cough/throat: faster relief -4d

Inflammation reduced, wellness up

IL-6/CRP/lymphocytes down

Plasma/urine metabolites up to 33,185

Anthocyanin conjugates up to 548