Calendula

Less dermatitis, pain

Faster healing, less pain

Antimicrobial: bacterial reduction

Antimicrobial: yeast cure 77%

Bacteria ↓, faster repair

Pain/swelling ↓, healing↑

Epithelialization 8.6 vs 13.2d

Hydration + firmness

+ significant

Lower TEWL

Plaque/gingiva improvement

Bleeding reduction

Gingivitis/plaque ↓ similar CHX

Bleeding ↓; safe

DNA/lipid damage ↓

isoprostane trend ↓